Machine Learning (ML) is a subset of artificial intelligence that is concerned with the “extraction of patterns” from data sets. This means the machine can find rules for optimal behavior but also can adapt to changes in the world.  

Artificial neural networks are a subset of machine learning -- they are algorithms based on mathematical models that mimic how neurons in the human brain work. 

Deep Learning (DL) is yet another subset of AI. In fact, it is a subset of machine learning and neural networks. Algorithms are run on “deep neural networks” -- like neural networks but usually with at least three or more incremental layers (complex neural networks).   

In a sense, Artificial Intelligence consists of groups of related techniques comparable to a group of “decision trees.”